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Pioneer
ISDV became active in publishing in Dutch, "Het Vrije Woord" (word Merdeka). The editor is Adolf Baars.
At the time of its formation, ISDV not demand the independence of Indonesia. At that time, ISDV has about 100 members, and of all that only three people who are natives of Indonesia. Nevertheless, the party quickly developed into a radical and anti-capitalist. Under the leadership of the party Sneevliet are not satisfied with the leadership of SDAP in the Netherlands, and who keep away from ISDV. In 1917, a group of reformers ISDV broke away and formed his own party, the Social Democratic Party Indies.
In 1917 alone ISDV publication issued in Malay, "Soeara Freedom".
Under the leadership Sneevliet ISDV sure that the October Revolution as occurred in Russia should be followed by Indonesia. This group managed to gain followers among soldiers and sailors stationed in the Dutch East Indies. Formed "Red Guards" and within three months of their number had reached 3,000 people. In late 1917, the soldiers and sailors that rebelled in Surabaya, a major naval base in Indonesia at that time, and formed a soviet council. The colonial rulers oppress councils and soviets in Surabaya ISDV. ISDV leaders sent back to the Netherlands, including Sneevliet. The leader of the military uprising in the Netherlands was sentenced to 40 years.
ISDV continue to conduct its activities, although in a way to move underground. The organization publishes an issue then another, Soeara Ra'jat. After a number of Dutch cadres forcibly removed, coupled with work in the SI, the membership of this organization began to change from the majority of Dutch citizens make up the majority of Indonesia. ISDV finally supports efforts to make Indonesia's independence.
Formation and growth
In Congress ISDV in Semarang (May 1920), the name of the organization was changed to lndies Communist (PKH). Semaun Darsono is chairman of the party and served as vice chairman. Secretary, treasurer, and three of the five members of the committee were Dutch. CCT is the first Asian communist parties that are part of the Communist International. Henk Sneevliet represent the party at the second congress of the Communist International in 1921.In the period leading up to the sixth congress of SI in 1921, members recognized Sneevliet strategy and take steps to stop it. Agus Salim, secretary of the organization, introduced a motion to ban members of the SI holds a double degree of membership and other parties in the arena of the struggle movement of Indonesia. The decision certainly makes the communist anggot disappointed and out of the party, such as the opposition of Tan Malaka and Semaun are also out of the movement as disappointed to then change tactics in the struggle for Indonesian movement. At the same time, the Dutch colonial government called on political activity restrictions, and SI decided to focus more on religious affairs, leaving as the only communist nationalist organization active.
Together Semaun who was away in Moscow to attend the Far Eastern Labor Conference in early 1922, Tan Malaka tried to change the pawnshop workers strike against government into a national strike to include all Indonesian trade unions. It failed, Tan Malaka was arrested and given a choice between internal or external exile. He chose the latter and went to Russia.
In May 1922, Semaun back after seven months in Russia and began to regulate all trade unions in the organization. On September 22, the Society of Indonesian Labor Organization (Vakbonded Indian Association) was formed.
In the fifth Comintern congress in 1924, he emphasized that "the main priority of the communist parties is to gain control of the trade unions" because there can be no successful revolution without the working class unity
In 1924 the name of the party was once again changed, this time it was into the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI)
1926 uprising
In May 1925, the Exec Committee of the Comintern ordered the Communists during the plenary meeting in Indonesia to establish an anti-imperialist united front with the non-communist nationalist organizations, but extremist elements dominated by Alimin & Musso called for a revolution to overthrow the Dutch colonial administration. In a conference in Prambanan, Central Java, which controlled trade unions decided communist revolution will begin with a strike by railway workers workers that would be a signal that more general strikes and widespread then the revolution will be started. This will lead to the PKI that will replace the colonial government.In November 1926, the CPI led a rebellion against the colonial administration in West Java and West Sumatra. PKI announced the formation of a republic. Together Alimin, Musso is one of the leaders of the PKI in that era were not in Indonesia. He is in talks with Tan Malaka who disagree with the uprising step. The uprising ultimately crushed brutally by the colonial rulers. Thousands of people were killed and about 13,000 people were arrested, imprisoned 4,500, some 1,308 are generally exiled party cadres, and 823 were sent to Boven Digul, a detention camp in Papua. Several people died in custody. Many non-communist political activists were also subjected to colonial rule, by reason of oppressive communist insurgency. In 1927 the PKI was outlawed by the Dutch government. Therefore, PKI and then went underground.
Insurgency plan itself is designed for a long time. It is in secret negotiations PKI activists in Prambanan. The plan was rejected firmly by Tan Malaka, one of the main leaders of the PKI that has a lot of mass, especially in Sumatra. Tan Malaka predicts that the rebellion would fail, because the base of the proletariat thinks Indonesia is people such as farmers not labor in the Soviet Union. The refusal to make Tan Malaka labeled as followers of Leon Trotsky who was also a central figure in the struggle of the Russian Revolution. Even so, some action would occur after the PKI revolt occurred in Java. Such Silungkang rebellion in Sumatra.
In the early days of this prohibition, the PKI attempted to self-effacing, especially because many of its leaders were imprisoned. In 1935 the PKI leader Musso returned from exile in Moscow, USSR, to reorganize the PKI in its movement underground. However Musso only a short stay in Indonesia. PKI then move on many fronts, such as Gerindo and unions. In the Netherlands, the PKI began to move among the Indonesian students among nationalist organizations, Perhimpoenan Indonesia, which shortly thereafter in favor of the PKI